El INADI lanzó un manual para los periodistas que cubran del Mundial Qatar 2022: qué recomienda

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A través de un documento de 21 páginas, el organismo liderado por Victoria Donda se expresó en contra del uso de expresiones, cánticos y estereotipos a la hora de narrar y/o comentar partidos de fútbol

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El Instituto Nacional contra la Discriminación, la Xenofobia y el Racismo (INADI) y la Defensoría del Público de Servicio de Comunicación Audiovisual publicaron de forma conjunta un cuadernillo de recomendaciones para comunicadores y periodistas de cara al Mundial Qatar 2022. El documento de 21 páginas recomienda, entre otros tópicos, evitar la discriminación al momento de nombrar jugadores de otros países, no difundir imágenes violentas como patadas y disturbios, entre otros y evitar reproducir cánticos agraviantes.

El manual señala en principio que “es preciso tomar algunos recaudos para que en la inmediatez y el frenesí del trabajo no se vulneren derechos”. Se procede entonces a “ofrecer algunas herramientas para que periodistas que trabajan relatando, en móviles, o comentando en piso, puedan desarrollar su tarea de modo más sencillo”. A partir de ello, se establecieron cuatro ejes -racismo y xenofobia, violencia en el juego, discriminación y género y diversidad sexual- para el debate.

Racismo y xenofobia

La entidad, liderada por Victoria Donda, empieza por aconsejar la no utilización de la palabra “negro” o la construcción “piel oscura” o similares. En su lugar, insiste con el uso de la denominación “afro” o “afrodescendiente”.

En la segunda hoja del informe, pide extender la recomendación también al referirse a hechos negativos o prácticas ilegales y clandestinas. Por ejemplo, considera erróneo decir frases como “se ve negra la suerte del equipo” o “compró la entrada en el mercado negro”.

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En esa línea, sugiere “evitar la utilización de referencias étnicas de manera discriminatoria… de las personas y de la diversidad cultural de sus identidades”. Y expone un ejemplo de lo que no debería hacerse: “Las declaraciones del jugador fueron las de un indio, no se entendió nada”.

Pide finalmente no caer en generalizaciones y estigmatizaciones basadas en orígenes étnicos –“los negros son de correr mucho”– o religiones, creencias y cultos que reproducen imágenes simplistas, espectacularizantes y criminalizantes –“el Islam es una religión que avala actitudes violentas”-.

Violencia en el juego

Con respecto a lo que ocurre en la cancha, el INADI considera a los medios no “avalar ni promover situaciones de violencia sobre árbitros/as, asistentes y cuerpos técnicos de los equipos”, además de “evitar la difusión de imágenes como patadas, disturbios, banderas o invasiones”.

Se manifiesta en contra también de “pronunciarse positivamente sobre jugadas que impliquen acciones malintencionadas y/o lesiones al rival”, recurriéndose a construcciones tales como “el rival es el enemigo dentro del campo de juego”.

En este contexto, el organismo quiere que no se promuevan o reproduzcan “cánticos o comentarios agraviantes de las parcialidades de los equipos”, entre ellos canciones que recuerden al otro equipo de la paternidad respecto de los resultados o en número de partidos ganados.

Hace un último pedido, asociado con el lenguaje “belicista” -vinculado a comparaciones que refieren a un enfrentamiento, guerra o a un escenario de dramatismo irresoluble-. “Hoy es a matar o morir” o “un partido de vida o muerte” son dos de las expresiones que condena el escrito.

Discriminación

Asimismo, busca promover “enfoques respetuosos de las diversidades corporales y evitar burlas y estigmatizaciones” referidas al peso de un jugador o incluso el estilo de corte que usa al momento de disputar un partido.

“Recomendamos no utilizar adjetivaciones o comentarios para descalificar el desempeño basados en la edad o discapacidad de las personas”, aconseja a continuación y pone de manifiesto tres ejemplos para ilustrar: “Ya está viejo para este deporte”, “ese/a réferi está ciego/a” y “realmente debe tener una pata de palo para pegarle así”.

El apartado pide también no caer en la utilización de metáforas de animalización estigmatizante, al hacerse comparación de equipos o hinchadas con “monos” o “burros”.

Género y diversidad sexual

En los últimos tramos de manual, el INADI pide no utilizar estereotipos basados en atributos preconcebidos de las masculinidades como “un equipo de hombres que demuestren su hombría”.

Además, aboga por “evitar comentarios y la difusión de imágenes sexualizantes y/o cosificantes sobre las mujeres que concurran al estadio”. Se muestra en desacuerdo, por ejemplo, con resaltar la belleza de fanáticas/cos con frases como “¡Qué belleza las hinchas de Croacia!”.LA NACION

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183 pensamientos sobre “El INADI lanzó un manual para los periodistas que cubran del Mundial Qatar 2022: qué recomienda

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