Veteranos del ARA «General Belgrano» navegan hacia el sitio de su hundimiento
Veteranos sobrevivientes del hundimiento del crucero «General Belgrano» embarcaron este domingo por la tarde en el rompehielos «Almirante Irizar» para navegar rumbo al punto del Atlántico Sur en el que ese buque fue torpedeado y hundido por el submarino británico HMS «Conqueror» el 2 de mayo de 1982, durante la Guerra de Malvinas.
La comitiva de veteranos, militares y funcionarios encabezada por el ministro de Defensa, Jorge Taiana, embarcó en el rompehielos «Almirante Irizar» este domingo pasadas las 15 en la ciudad fueguina de Ushuaia con el objetivo de llegar al punto 55°24′S 61°32′O, a unos 160 kilómetros al sur de la Isla de los Estados, el lunes antes de las 16, horario en el que se cumplirían 40 años del impacto de los torpedos británicos en el buque argentino.
El ataque al crucero permitió a los británicos tener la superioridad naval en la zona y generó una polémica en ambos países, al haberse producido fuera del área de exclusión establecida por el gobierno inglés alrededor de las Islas Malvinas.
A bordo del Irizar navegaremos hasta llegar al lugar del hundimiento del Crucero General Belgrano para rendirle homenaje a los 323 caídos en ese ataque británico. pic.twitter.com/7fdaHbV3Uq
— Jorge Taiana (@JorgeTaiana) May 1, 2022
Cronología del hundimiento
Cerca de las 20 del 1 de mayo de 1982, mientras navegaba cerca de Isla de los Estados, el «General Belgrano» había recibido órdenes para sumarse a una maniobra de pinzas que se abalanzaría contra los británicos desde el sur. El portaaviones «Veinticinco de Mayo» lideraría el otro brazo de la operación.
Pero este plan fue cancelado por las condiciones que impedían operar a los aviones embarcados en el portaaviones y el crucero emprendió el regreso en sentido al continente.
El submarino HMS «Conqueror» comenzó a seguir al «General Belgrano» el 1 de mayo por la mañana, y después de recibir autorización del gobierno de la premier Margaret Thatcher disparó los dos torpedos que hundieron al crucero argentino a las 16 horas del 2 de mayo de 1982.
A las 16.02, mientras los artilleros que se encontraban de guardia probaban algunos mecanismos y la Torreta II buscaba posibles blancos en el horizonte, el «General Belgrano» se sacudió violentamente como consecuencia de una poderosa explosión, seguida del cese inmediato de energía e iluminación que paralizó a los 1.093 tripulantes.
Este fue el primero de los tres torpedos MK-813 lanzados por el Conqueror desde una distancia de unos 5 kilómetros. Unos momentos después el segundo torpedo produjo una nueva explosión en la altura de la proa de la nave.
Este nuevo impacto provocó el desprendimiento de 12 metros de la proa del buque, que inmediatamente comenzó la inclinación a babor y hacia las 16:05, se dio la orden de zafarrancho de siniestro.
A las 16.23 el comandante Héctor Bonzo dio la orden de abandonar la nave; la marejada que había en ese momento dificultó la visión y la comunicación entre las balsas, por lo cual algunas quedaron sobrecargadas con 30 personas y otras subocupadas con no más de tres marinos.
A las 16.50 la escora de 60° preanunciaba el hundimiento, y en 10 minutos el crucero fue engullido por las aguas aproximadamente en el punto 55°24′S 61°32′O del Océano Atlántico.
Una vez que la noticia del hundimiento de la nave llegó al continente, se dispuso un operativo de rescate que se extendió hasta el día 9 de mayo, verificando la imposibilidad de que quedaran más supervivientes o cadáveres en la zona.
Los buques recogieron un total de 793 de los 1.093 tripulantes, de los que resultaban 23 fallecidos en las balsas, y otros 300 en el propio naufragio.
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