Instituto Malbrán confirmó botulismo en Andresito. ¿Qué es?

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El Ministerio de Salud Pública de Misiones brindó un nuevo informe acerca del estado de salud de los pacientes de Andresito internados tras consumir alimentos en mal estado.

En el Hospital Samic Eldorado permanecen 4 pacientes en la Unidad de Terapia Intensiva con pronóstico reservado (28 meses, 25, 33 y 58 años).

En el Hospital Samic de Puerto Iguazú permanece 1 paciente con pronóstico reservado en el Unidad de Terapia Intensiva (19 años).

Altas de sala general

Pacientes de 20, 28, 31 y 51 años, todos con pautas de alarma y seguimiento por personal de salud de hospital local.

“Se han recibido los resultados de las muestras enviadas al Instituto Malbrán las cuales indican presencia de la toxina botulínica en muestras de alimentos remitidos”, informaron desde la cartera sanitaria.

El resultado positivo del análisis del alimento confirma el diagnóstico clínico y epidemiológico, aún cuando no haya resultados positivos en las muestras biológicas. Ref Guía Botulismo. 2016. Msn

Botulismo (botulismo provocado por alimentos y botulismo infantil)

¿Qué es el botulismo?

El botulismo es una intoxicación alimentaria ocasionada por una toxina producida por las bacteria Clostrydium botulinum. Sólo existen informes de unos pocos casos por año en el Estado de Nueva York.

¿Quiénes contraen el botulismo?

El botulismo provocado por alimentos se debe a la ingestión de una toxina formada en los alimentos. Con frecuencia, se debe a alimentos enlatados en casa, procesados de manera inapropiada. El botulismo en bebés de menos de un año de edad se ha asociado con la ingestión de miel contaminada.

¿Cómo se contrae el botulismo?

No existe el contagio entre personas. Una persona debe ingerir alimentos contaminados que no hayan sido cocidos o recalentados apropiadamente después de que la toxina haya sido producida por las bacterias. En el botulismo infantil, el bebé debe ingerir esporas bacterianas y luego producir la toxina en su sistema gastrointestinal.

¿Cuáles son los síntomas del botulismo?

El botulismo provocado por alimentos y el botulismo infantil producen síntomas que afectan el sistema nervioso. Los síntomas del botulismo provocado por alimentos incluyen visión borrosa o doble, debilidad general, reflejos pobres, dificultad para tragar o respirar y, a veces, la muerte. El botulismo infantil cuenta con una gran variedad de síntomas que incluyen dificultad respiratoria, alteraciones visuales, alimentación pobre y reflejos pobres.

¿Qué tan pronto aparecen los síntomas?

Los síntomas del botulismo provocado por alimentos aparecen, en general, entre 12 y 36 horas después de la ingestión, aunque muchas veces no surgen hasta varios días después. No se conoce el período de incubación del botulismo infantil.

¿Cuál es el tratamiento para el botulismo?

Se necesita atención hospitalaria. Se administra una antitoxina en ciertos casos de botulismo provocado por alimentos, aunque no en casos de botulismo infantil. Se encuentra en desarrollo un nuevo tratamiento prometedor para el botulismo infantil, el que incluye el uso de inmunoglobulina del botulinum y se encuentra disponible solo en forma limitada.

¿Qué sucede si no se trata el botulismo?

El botulismo sin tratamiento puede provocar la muerte.

¿Cómo se puede prevenir el botulismo?

No se les deben administrar a los bebés fuentes identificadas de botulismo, tales como la miel. Todos los alimentos enlatados y preservados deben ser procesados y preparados de forma adecuada. No se deben abrir recipientes hinchados y no se deben comer ni probar alimentos con olores extraños. Las latas comerciales con tapas hinchadas se deben botar a la basura.

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184 pensamientos sobre “Instituto Malbrán confirmó botulismo en Andresito. ¿Qué es?

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