Avanza el proyecto para que Argentina y Brasil tengan una moneda común

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La iniciativa para impulsar el comercio regioanl se abordará a partir de la próxima semana.

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El proyecto para aplicar una moneda común entre Argentina y Brasil va tomando forma. Así lo deslizó el ministro de Economía de la Nación, Sergio Massa, en diálogo con el Financial Times. Equipos de ambos países avanzarán en el tema durante la semana entrante y se anunciará públicamente el trabajo preliminar en ocasión de la cumbre de la CELAC que comenzará el martes (esta noche llega Lula y se espera una cumbre bilateral con Alberto Fernández).

Según publicó mbito, el enfoque inicial será cómo una nueva moneda, que Brasil sugiere llamar «sur» (sur), que podría impulsar el comercio regional y reducir la dependencia del dólar estadounidense, dijeron los funcionarios al Financial Times. Al principio correría en paralelo con el real brasileño y el peso argentino.

«Habrá . . . una decisión de comenzar a estudiar los parámetros necesarios para una moneda común, que incluye todo, desde cuestiones fiscales hasta el tamaño de la economía y el papel de los bancos centrales», dijo el ministro de Economía de Argentina, Sergio Massa, al Financial Times.

«Sería un estudio de mecanismos de integración comercial», agregó. «No quiero crear falsas expectativas. . . es el primer paso de un largo camino que América Latina debe recorrer».

En principio, una unión monetaria que cubriera a toda América Latina representaría el 5% del PBI, estimó el Financial Times. En tanto el euro, abarca el 14% del PBI mundial medido en dólares.

En principio, la idea es que el resto de los países de América del Sur puedan adherirse paulatinamente sin tener que eliminar sus monedas nacionales.

Otra de las cuestiones que se abordó es la posibilidad de, una vez activa esta iniciativa, generar un swap entre pesos y reales para compensar los déficit comerciales que puedan existir en la balanza bilateral. Esto implicaría que el Gobierno no gaste dólares de las reservas para el pago de importaciones provenientes de Brasil.

En principio, desde Brasil aclaran que la idea es establecer una moneda común para operaciones comerciales. «No se está hablando de una moneda única, sino de una común cuyo objetivo central es poder compensar el comercio en una moneda que hasta podría llamarse Sur, hay un proyecto por ahí», aseveró el diplomático Martínez Pandiani en declaraciones a Télam Radio recientemente.

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