El Gobierno de Macri gastó casi 14 millones de euros en aviones que no podían volar

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Según se desprende de una auditoría, las aeronaves «no se encontraban en condiciones de vuelo y su potencial restante ya era bastante débil, razón por la cual la Marina Francesa había dejado de utilizarlas».

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El Gobierno de Macri gastó casi 14 millones de euros en aviones que no estaban en condiciones de poder volar, según denunció una auditoría de la Sindicatura General de la Nación (Sigen) difundida, que advirtió que el Ministerio de Defensa contaba con informes preliminares que alertaban sobre el estado de las aeronaves.

El informe, que fue remitido a la Oficina Anticorrupción (OA) para un eventual inicio de acciones, analizó la adquisición, durante el año 2017, de cinco aeronaves por parte de la Armada Argentina al Gobierno de Francia, mediante un convenio suscripto por el entonces ministro de Defensa, Oscar Aguad, y su par de las Fuerzas Armadas de ese país.

Según se desprende de la auditoría, las aeronaves «no se encontraban en condiciones de vuelo y su potencial restante ya era bastante débil, razón por la cual la Marina Francesa había dejado de utilizarlas».

No obstante, Aguad las compró «acompañadas con su documentación de seguimiento técnico junto a un lote de piezas de recambio, bancos de prueba, valijas de prueba, equipos de misión, herramientas y un simulador de vuelo».

El precio definitivo de transferencia de todos los materiales –aviones y elementos complementarios- fue de € 12.550.000, y el pago se efectuó en una única transferencia bancaria, mientras que se abonó otra suma de poco más de un millón de euros por el servicio de transporte puerta a puerta de las aeronaves.

La auditoría da cuenta también de estudios técnicos previos negativos, ya que, antes de la compra, «no se tuvieron en cuenta varios informes preliminares de la Armada Argentina que alertaban sobre la necesidad de garantizar determinados repuestos antes de concretar la transacción».

«Los documentos señalaban que, en las condiciones en que se ofrecían las aeronaves, no se encontraban en condiciones de volar requiriendo la ejecución de una serie de trabajos para su puesta en funcionamiento», dijo la Sigen.

El informe del organismo plasmó las irregularidades cometidas por la gestión anterior, a lo largo de un documento de 35 páginas, referidas a las compras llevadas a cabo por la cartera de Defensa, en el período 2016-2019, bajo la gestión de Aguad.

Además de las cinco aeronaves de combate, se adquirieron cuatro buques patrulleros oceánicos multipropósito OPV (Offshore Patrol Vessel).

Según se desprende del informe, el Gobierno nacional asumió todos los gastos de retiro, transporte y estacionamiento de los materiales transferidos. Para eso, a través de la Licitación Privada N° 005/17, se tramitó el servicio de transporte puerta a puerta de los cinco aviones más todos los complementos por un total de € 1.346.255, totalizando toda la adquisición una cifra cercana a los €14.000.000.

En tanto, previo a la compra, no se tuvieron en cuenta varios informes preliminares de la Armada Argentina que alertaban sobre la necesidad de garantizar determinados repuestos antes de concretar la transacción.

En ese sentido, los documentos señalaban que, en el estado en que se ofrecían las aeronaves, no se encontraban en condiciones de volar y requerían la ejecución de una serie de trabajos para su puesta en funcionamiento.

Toda la maniobra era conocida por el extitular de la cartera de Defensa Oscar Aguad
Toda la maniobra era conocida por el extitular de la cartera de Defensa Oscar Aguad.

Además, dichas evaluaciones técnicas señalaban que, en forma previa a la compra, resultaba esencial la obtención de elementos críticos para asegurar el funcionamiento de las aeronaves, tales como la pirotecnia de los asientos eyectables y cabina, y el desarrollo de una inspección de los accesorios de oxígeno.

En esa dirección, se sugería analizar que varios de esos repuestos esenciales tenían origen inglés, por lo que resultaba necesario tener en cuenta la imposibilidad de adquirirlos ya que, desde 1982, el Reino Unido no vende armamentos militares a nuestro país.

Así fue como, por la falta de estos instrumentos, los aviones no pudieron ser puestos en funcionamiento desde su adquisición en el año 2017.

Por otra parte, el informe elaborado por la Sigen, explica que «las labores de auditoría fueron realizadas de acuerdo a las Normas de Auditoría Interna Gubernamental aprobadas por la Resolución N° 152/2002 SGN, desarrollándose las mismas entre los meses de junio y octubre del año 2021».

«Al no disponer el Ministerio de Defensa de un área responsable de la consolidación de la información referida a las compras vinculadas con Convenios Internacionales, ni de un sistema de información que permita conocer el universo de contrataciones realizadas bajo la modalidad bajo análisis, se procedió a seleccionar tres adquisiciones, cuya información se obtuvo de relevamientos previos disponibles, atendiendo a factores de riesgo que en cada caso se determinaron», dice el texto.

Sobre el convenio celebrado con el Gobierno de Francia –Contrato ARA Naval Group Nº 1/2018 para la adquisición de cuatro Patrulleros Oceánicos Multipropósito– se verificó que los expedientes «no contaban con toda la documentación requerida que fundamente una adecuada toma de decisiones».

En ese sentido, «se ha observado la falta de la solicitud de desembolso, la falta de comprobantes de pago y la falta de documentación que acredite la efectiva entrega de los OPV en condición ‘Listo para Operar'».

En relación a otro convenio firmado con Israel, para la adquisición, actualización y solución tecnológica en ciberdefensa, la auditoría señala una serie de irregularidades; entre ellas la «inexistencia de una política de ciberdefensa nacional, falta de intervención del Comité de Ciberseguridad; falta de evaluación de alternativas nacionales; insuficiente desagregación de precios de los distintos componentes adquiridos; y licencias de software no transferidas al Ministerio de Defensa».

Por otra parte, el informe consignó que «se ha evidenciado la inexistencia de un área responsable de la consolidación de la información referida a las compras a empresas o a gobiernos extranjeros y a los convenios internacionales celebrados que se encuentran vigentes, como así también la carencia de un sistema de información que permita conocer el universo de contrataciones que son objeto de análisis».

En este punto, considera «necesario que las autoridades del Ministerio adopten las recomendaciones formuladas y/o profundicen las acciones ya encaradas con el objeto de regularizar las observaciones planteadas y mejorar la gestión en estos aspectos».

Asimismo, «se considera que los responsables de la jurisdicción deberían evaluar la necesidad de iniciar el deslinde de responsabilidades pertinente, con el objeto de definir las eventuales responsabilidades y determinar el potencial perjuicio fiscal».

«Finalmente, e independientemente de ello, se deja constancia que esta Sindicatura General de la Nación remitirá el presente informe a la Oficina Anticorrupción, a los efectos que ésta estime corresponder», puntualiza el informe de la Sigen.

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